Correlation between Testosterone Hormone Levels and Prostate Cancer: A Case-Control Study

الملخص

Background:
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed male cancer in
Sudan. Testosterone, a hormone necessary for the development
of the prostate, has been considered for over 70 years as a
potential inducer of proliferation in both normal and cancerous
cells.
Objectives: This study aims to examine the association between
prostate cancer and serum testosterone levels, and to explore the
potential of testosterone as a diagnostic biomarker.
Materials and Methods:
This is Case-Control study was conducted in Khartoum, Sudan
during 2009-2010. The study included 40 men confirmed
prostate cancer patients and 40 volunteers as controls, matched
for aged 40-89 years. Serum testosterone levels were measured
using a Human ELISA kit, following the manufacturer's instructions (leaflet of the ELISA kits, using the principle of
ELISA). The study was approved by the University Of Khartoum
Faculty Of Science and followed ethical guidelines set forth by
the University of Khartoum and Radiation and Isotopes Center
of Khartoum (RCIK). Patient samples were provided by RCIK
and demographic and clinical data was extracted from their
medical records. Results:
The majority of prostate cancer cases (75%) had below-normal
testosterone levels (3.5-8.6 ng/ml), while 15% had elevated
levels and 10% were within the normal range. Prostate cancer
patients had significantly lower mean testosterone levels (2.772
ng/ml) (95% CI 5.8456-7.9644 compared to controls (6.90
ng/ml) (95% CI 5.8456- 7.9644) P value=0.000 and
odd ratio =0. Conclusion:
This study suggests a strong correlation between low
testosterone levels and prostate cancer (P = 0.000). Serum
testosterone may have potential as a diagnostic biomarker for
prostate cancer, indicating the possibility of future diagnostic
applications.